• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A target unit for use with a switch unit in a proximity switch, has a wireless receiver means (6) for detecting and receiving a first pulsed signal (A) with a first carrier frequency (f1) from a nearby switch transmitter means (5) for later demodulation (6). , 7) and depending and Q1) the received signal, if a pulsating pulse train exists, (10) invert (9, 10, C4, the pulse train or pass on the energy in the absence of ditto. The target unit also has a wireless transmitter means (12) (12 ) to modulate and transmit the inverted pulse train if it exists via it (13) .The target includes the functionality of transmitting the carrier frequency second carrier frequency (f2) to switch receiving means. In addition (f2) unmodulated and continuous in the existence of a continuous and unmodulated carrier frequency (f1). the existence of the pulsed pulse train only one of the receiver and the transmitter receives and transmits a signal at a given time.
    公开号:SE1100926A1
    申请号:SE1100926
    申请日:2011-12-16
    公开日:2013-06-17
    发明作者:Kawa Amin
    申请人:Kawa Amin；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 35 proximity switch is based on inverting the incoming pulsating pulse train with an inverter located in the switch part.
    -The proximity switch described in SE520l54 has been classified as meeting the highest safety category requirements, but has a serious disadvantage in that the inversion is in the switch unit and not in the measuring unit. This means that in the event of a fault in the switch receiver means, the transmission of the modulated pulse train from its own switch transmitter means can be picked up by the switch's receiver means and incorrectly interpreted by the switch as an indication that the target is present, even if not. In other words, there is a risk of crosstalk between these modules. Consequently, the "own" transmitted signal is demodulated "incorrectly" and the incoming pulse train is inverted in the switch unit part and then sent on to the control unit without detection of faults.
    An error of this kind, which can be a ground fault in the switch's receiver filter unit, changes the characteristics of the receiver filter and lets in the frequencies that should have been blocked.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to mitigate or solve the above problems.
    According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a Target Unit for use with a switch unit in a proximity switch.
    The target unit comprises a receiver for receiving a first pulsating signal from the switching unit, an inverter arranged for generating an inverted signal by inverting the first pulsating signal, and a transmitter for transmitting a second pulsating signal to the switching unit, the transmitter being driven by the inverted the signal, whereby only one of the receiver and the transmitter receives and transmits a signal at a given time.
    Because the inverting takes place in the target unit, the problem of crosstalk between a transmitter and receiver in the switch unit is reduced.
    The first pulsed signal may have a first carrier frequency and the target unit may further comprise a demodulator arranged for converting the first pulsating signal into a baseband signal, the inverter being arranged to generate the inverted signal by inverting the baseband signal.
    The inverter may further comprise a capacitor arranged for charging or discharging depending on a value of the first pulsating signal.
    The first pulsating signal may comprise a pulse with a predetermined pulse width. Furthermore, the target unit may comprise a processor unit having a predetermined code, which processor unit is arranged to detect a pulse in the inverted signal corresponding to said pulse with a predetermined pulse width, and that , based on the predetermined code, generate and add a coded signal to the inverted signal below the detected pulse.
    According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a proximity switch comprising a switch unit and a target unit according to the first aspect, the switch unit being arranged to transmit the first pulsating signal to the target unit and to receive the second pulsating signal from the target unit. General Description of the Drawings The present invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a general block diagram of a measuring unit together with a switch unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the target unit shown in Fig. 1, where arrowed dashed lines illustrate charging processes at static low or high input signal.
    Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the target unit shown in Fig. 1, where arrowed dashed lines illustrate discharge processes at dynamically low input signal. Fig. 4 is a general circuit diagram of the target unit shown in Fig. 1, where arrowed dashed lines illustrate charging processes at dynamically high input signal.
    Fig. 5 is a sequence of diagrams illustrating the appearance of pulsating signals at selected points in the measuring unit and the switching unit shown in Fig. 1 Detailed description of the invention Figs. 1 aims to illustrate the basic function of a target unit 2 for use with a switch unit 1, 3 in a safe proximity switch according to the invention. The proximity switch uses dynamic signals, and inversion of the dynamic signal in the proximity switch, which means that this switch is categorized as a safe proximity switch.
    A proximity switch is used to wirelessly detect whether a moving object is present within a predetermined distance from a proximity switch or not. In order to achieve this, the movable object (a door, a door or a window, a gate, the like) is provided with a target which does not need to be electrically connected to a power source.
    A preferred embodiment of the invention (target unit 2) together with its switch unit 1, 3 is schematically illustrated in Fig. 1. The proximity switch is electrically connected to one / two external current sources 15 and 16 via a pair of poles (+ and -) for direct voltage. - Two different supply voltages are also used here for safety reasons, but with a suitable separation technique, a supply voltage can be used.
    The proximity switch 1, 3 has an input In and an output Out. A dynamic control module 4 and 4a, where 4a may be internal, is connected to the input In and is arranged to receive a digital or pulsating input signal, which according to the following description will be used to drive a transmitter 5, so that it transmits the digital signal , after being modulated on a high frequency carrier, to target 2.
    The target 2 will receive the high frequency signal and consequently return another high frequency signal, containing the same digital signal fixed inverted, whereby the target 2 confirms its presence in the vicinity of the switch unit 1, 3.
    The pulsating or digital input signal can be either symmetrical, or an asymmetric digital signal, which alternates between low and high values, representing the digital values 0 and 1, respectively. If the pulsating input signal is asymmetric, consequently its content will represent a set of digital information. which will be transmitted via the switch unit 1 to the target 2, is inverted there and then returned from the target 2 to the switch unit 3 to finally arrive at the output of the switch unit 3. Thereby an external device, for example a commercially available safety relay, can be connected to the input In and the output Out to monitor that a digital input signal input through the input In is safely returned at the output Out, thereby indicating that the target 2 is present in the vicinity of the proximity switch 1, 3.
    A device of an Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 is connected at its input to the dynamic control module 4, 4a. The oscillator / control transmitter module 5 comprises, in addition to control circuits, a resonant circuit (LC circuit), which is tuned to a resonant frequency with a predetermined value. This resonant frequency, which will be the carrier frequency of the high-frequency signal transmitted from the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 to the target, is hereinafter referred to as fl.
    The resonant circuit in the transmitter module 5 stops when the dynamic control module 4, 4a assumes a dynamic low value, and when this signal becomes dynamically high, the resonant circuit in the transmitter module 5 will start correspondingly. When the dynamic control module 4, 4a is statically high or low, the oscillator will continue to oscillate. In this way, the pulsating digital signal will be modulated on the carrier in amplitude shift coded as Target 2, (ASK). which in a real application can be mounted at a distance of between 0 and for example 15 mm from the proximity switch 1, 3, comprises a receiver / rectifier module 6, 7, which is tuned to the frequency f1 of the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 and which can therefore take against a signal transmitted from the transmitter module 5. The receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 further comprises circuit arrangements for rectifying the received signal. 10 15 20 25 30 35 The receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 is followed via a capacitor C4 by a rectifier / demodulator module 9 and an inverter / bypass module 10, see Fig.1. The capacitor C4 is a dynamic filter capacitor which passes the pulsating signal to the rectifier / demodulator module 9, which according to Fig. 2 comprises circuit arrangements for converting the pulsating signal into a baseband signal. The baseband signal is used to drive a bipolar transistor Q1 which in turn is connected to the inverter / bypass module 10, where Q1 is used as an indication of the presence of the pulsed signal.
    The inverter / bypass module 10 comprises circuit logic for charging and discharging a capacitor with which inverting of the incoming pulsating signal takes place, and circuit arrangements for rectifying the received signal and supplying it as driving energy to an Oscillator / control transmitter module 12 in the target 2. .
    The oscillator / control transmitter module 12 driven by the inverter / bypass module 10 includes, in addition to control circuits, a resonant circuit (LC circuit), the oscillator which is tuned to a resonant frequency f2. in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12 starts upon receipt of this energy and consequently stops when the supply of such energy ceases.
    The drive energy supplied from the receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 will therefore be synchronous with but in the opposite direction to the digital signal modulated on the carrier from the oscillator / control transmitter module 12 in the target 2. Back to Fig. 1, where the proximity switch 1, 3 further comprises a receiver / rectifier module 13, which is tuned 14 with a receiver circuit, to the same frequency f2 as the transmitter circuit in the target 2. Oscillator / control transmitter module 12. The receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 also comprises rectifying circuit arrangements for rectifying and amplify the signal received from the target Oscillator / control transmitter module 12.
    The output signal from the receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 then proceeds to the output of the switch 3.
    Fig. 1 has a plurality of signal nodes, denoted by A to I. The signal values at these signal nodes are illustrated in Fig. 5 for an exemplary digital input signal, while an overview circuit diagram for the proximity switch 1, 3 and the target unit 2 is given. in Fig. 1-4.
    For the sake of clarity, the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 and the receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 are not illustrated in detail.
    The working principle of the proximity switch 1, 3 and the target 2 according to the preferred embodiment will now be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 1-5.
    A pulsating digital input signal is received at the input In on the proximity switch 1 (node A) and then into the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5. The first diagram in Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a short part of the pulsating input signal at the node A.
    As shown in Fig. 1, in addition to the matching circuit arrangement 5, the oscillator / control transmitter module also comprises the oscillator part itself, which together with a coil L1 is tuned to a resonant frequency fl.
    The oscillator can be selected from well-known oscillators such as Hartley oscillators or Colpitts or oscillators that suit the particular application selected. The coil L1 plays an active role in the resonant circuit and also acts as a transmitter means for transmitting an inductive signal B to the target 2. As illustrated in the second diagram in Fig. 5, the resonant circuit in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 will begin to oscillate and transmit at a high frequency fl when the input signal of the oscillator circuit is either dynamically high or statically low or high. The self-oscillation and transmission of the resonant circuit ceases when the input signal goes dynamically low.
    Therefore, the transmitter coil L1 in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 will start and stop synchronized with a dynamic input signal and will transmit constantly when the input signal is static. In practice, the pulsating signal received at the input In on the proximity switch 1 will be modulated or coded on the high frequency signal generated by the resonant circuit in the oscillator / control transmitter module 5, whereby a modulated signal is formed, by amplitude shift coding (ASK), with a carrier frequency fl, which appears at a node B.
    The inductive signal emitted by said resonant circuit is received at the target 2 as a signal C by the receiver / rectifier module 6, 7. As shown in Fig. 2, the receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 of the target 2 comprises a tuned resonant circuit with a receiver coil L2 and a first capacitor C1 connected in parallel therewith. The resonant circuit with L2 and C1 is tuned to the resonant frequency f1 of the oscillator / control transmitter module 5 in the proximity switch.
    The receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 further comprises a dynamic control capacitor C2 and a rectifier circuit, D1, D2, consisting of two diodes, a filter capacitor C3, and a resistor R1.
    The receiver coil L2 will receive the inductive energy emitted by the oscillator transmitter module and rectify this energy in the rectifier circuit D1, D2. At the output of the receiver / rectifier module 6, 7, i.e. the signal D (node D), the energy received by the module 6, 7 will vary in a pulsating manner synchronously with the pulsating input signal A.
    The energy at node D is supplied partly to the input of the inverter / bypass module 10, partly via the dynamic control capacitor C4 to the input of the rectifier / demodulator module 9 which comprises two diodes D3, D4 and a filter capacitor C5 and a first and second resistor R2, R3 . The rectifier / demodulator module 9 is arranged for converting the first pulsating signal into a baseband signal, when the first pulsating signal from node D comes via the dynamic control capacitor C4. This pulsating signal will be received by the rectifier / demodulator module 9 to rectify this energy in the rectifier circuit D3, D4 and C5. This energy will last as long as the received dynamic pulsating signal exists.
    This energy also leads to the bipolar transistor Q1 (NPN) following the bipolar transistor Q1 (NPN) following locking resistor R2, R3 to the ground position.
    As shown in Figs. 2-4, the inverter / bypass module 10 comprises a first resistor R4 and two second diodes D6, D7 which together with the base of a first bipolar PNP transistor Q3 all form a common node and thus constitute the input to the module. Furthermore, the inverter / bypass module 10 comprises a third diode D5 whose anode is connected to the base of a second bipolar NPN transistor Q2 which together with the other end of the resistor R4 forms a second common node. A third common node is formed between the cathode of D7, the cathode of a first zener diode D8, the plus pole of a first capacitor C6, and the emitter of the bipolar PNP transistor Q3. A fourth and last common node (node E) which also forms the output of the module is formed between the emitter of Q2, the cathode of a second zener diode D9, and the collector of Q3. Again to node D, where the working principle of inversion and the working mechanism between the modules and the circuits according to the preferred embodiment will now be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 1-5.
    As can be seen from the above, the resonant circuit in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 will start oscillating and transmitting at a high frequency of f1 to the target 2 when the signal from the dynamic control module 4, 4a is either dynamically high or statically low or high.
    In the absence of the dynamic pulses for a longer time (a time that is greater than the maximum pulse width that the signal contains) or when the signal from the dynamic control module 4, 4a is statically low or high, node D will be statically high, see Fig. 2. Then the energy at node D is supplied only to the input of the inverter / bypass module 10 and is blocked to the rectifier / demodulator module 9 by the dynamic filter capacitor C4.
    The energy from node D received by the inverter / bypass module 10 will be divided into three. The first part is led via R4 to drive Q2 to the bottom position. Consequently, the second energy goes via D6 and Q2 (CE) to node E and thus to supply the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12. This causes the resonant circuit in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12 to start oscillating and transmitting at a high frequency f2 to the switch receiver unit 13, and further via the rectifier module 14 to out on the output of the switch 3 as a static high signal, which is also an indication of the presence of the target 2.
    The third energy from node D is now conducted as a charging current via D7 down to the positive side of capacitor C6.
    The negative side of C6 is connected to the zero line of the target 2 (GND2). This results in a closed current path, which is why capacitor C6 is charged. However, this charge is limited by the zener diode D8. It can also be pointed out that the bipolar PNP transistor Q3 is arranged to function as a valve for controlling the charging and discharging paths, respectively.
    In the charging state, the PNP transistor Q3 is throttled, so no current is passed through it. The current energy paths described above are indicated in Fig. 2 by dashed lines. 10 15 20 25 30 35 10 Fig. 3 illustrates the second case when the signal from the dynamic control module 4, 4a is dynamically low. Consequently, the signal in node D is also dynamically low (node D follows dynamic node A).
    According to Figs. 3-4, the collector of the bipolar transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of D5, and as described above, when the first pulsating signal exists, Q1 goes to the bottom position, which also leads to the base of the bipolar PNP transistor Q3 being at a lower potential than its emitter, which leads to Q3 going into bottom mode. Then the discharge path from the capacitor C6 is opened by Q3 and the discharge current indicated by dashed lines goes to supply (node E) the oscillator / control transmitter module 12, which also causes the resonant circuit in the oscillator / control transmitter module 12 to start oscillating and transmitting at a high frequency. f2 (node G) to the switch receiver unit 13 (node H), further via the rectifier module 14 to the output of the switch as one (node I). and dynamically high signal Fig. 4 illustrates the third and final case, namely when the first pulsating signal still exists and the signal is dynamically high shortly after being dynamically low. According to what has been described previously, the signal in node D dynamically follows the signal in node A and therefore the signal in node D is also dynamically high. Here, again as in the first case, the charging of the capacitor C6 starts, but unlike the first case, this time no energy is supplied to the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12 (node E is low).
    D5 and Q1 (CE) to earth (GND2), because Q1 is still in the bottom position, and Q2 is throttled. This part of the energy is conducted via R4, (due to lower potential in the node between R4 and the anode on D5). Thus, the second current energy path is blocked by Q2. D7 again leads the last current energy path to recharge the capacitor C6.
    The bipolar PNP transistor Q3 again takes the valve role and blocks the discharge of the capacitor C6 while the charging process is in progress. In the charging state, the PNP transistor Q3 is throttled. Returning to Fig. 1, where the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12 comprises a Hartley oscillator with first and second resistors R5, R6, a bipolar transistor Q4, a first capacitor C7 and a transmitter resonant circuit, which is constituted by a second capacitor C8 which is connected in parallel with a transmitter coil L3, which in the middle of its winding has an output connected to the emitter of the transistor Q4. The transmitter resonant circuit L3, C8 is tuned to a resonant frequency f2. The transmitter resonant circuit L3, C8 will start and stop synchronously with node E and in opposite phase to the energy received from the receiver / rectifier module 6, 7 (node D).
    The inductive signal G emitted from the target 2 is received at the receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 in the proximity switch 3 as a signal H. As shown in Fig. 1, the receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 comprises a receiver resonant circuit with a receiver coil L4 and a bandpass filter containing a set of capacitors and chokes tuned to the prevailing frequency band, namely f2. The coil L4 forms part of this filter and, together with its set-up, is tuned to the same resonant frequency of f2 as the Oscillator / control transmitter module 12.
    The receiver resonant circuit 13 is followed by a rectifier circuit 14, which in the same way contains components as the rectifier module 7 of the target 2.
    The output signal from the receiver / rectifier module 13, 14 is output as a signal I which constitutes the inverse of A and also the output of the proximity switch 3. Such a pulsating response signal is synchronous with the inverse of the pulsating input signal to the proximity switch.
    As a summary of the above, a pulsating input signal A sent to the Proximity Switch 1 will be modulated on a high frequency carrier B, which is transmitted in the form of an inductive signal by the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5. Only provided that the target 2 is in the vicinity of the Proximity Switch 1, this signal will be retransmitted, inverted at another carrier frequency f2, to the receiver / rectifier module 13 in the proximity switch 3. Given that the target 2 is present, consequently the output Out on the proximity switch 3 will have a pulsating signal I, which has the same digital content as the pulsating input signal A and is synchronously fixed inverted relative thereto.
    Since the resonant circuits in the Oscillator / control transmitter module 5 and the receiver / rectifier module 13 are tuned to different frequencies, there is no risk of crosstalk between these modules. Should an earth fault still occur in the receiver / rectifier module 13, the fault will be detected because the inverting takes place in the target 2 and not in the switch unit 1, 3. A pulsating signal will only be transmitted through the proximity switch 1, 3 from the input In to the output Out in inverted form, if the target 2 is present. Since the output signal I at the output Ut constitutes the inverse of the input signal A at the input In, an unintentional short circuit or an interruption somewhere in the proximity switch will be detected, thanks to the output signal then being identical to the input signal and not constituting its inverse.
    As shown in Fig. 1, a microprocessor module 8, 11 can be advantageously integrated in the target. The target units are then assigned their individual codes, which is another additional measure to, among other things, reduce the risk of manipulations with the proximity switches, which are common phenomena in industrial environments. Since these codings shown in Fig. 1, node F, are placed (by the microprocessor controlled by the incoming pulse trains (node E)) in predetermined "gaps" in the pulse train, the proximity switches are not prevented from the possibility of a so-called cascade connection of several pairs in series.
    In conclusion, there are many inventions on different designs of proximity switches / targets and not least different communication methods between switch units and target units, each of which solves a certain problem in its own way. The invention here has been directed to proximity switches in machine safety which use dynamic pulses and the inversion of these dynamic pulses in the proximity switch which is the guarantor of safety. However, this invention may well be used in many other similar contexts which may require this inversion in the target unit. The inventive technology enables a fixed and a wireless (without fixed current) electromagnetically close device to communicate synchronously, which can also be another new way of how a "new RFID" can be advantageously designed in the future.
    Therefore, the invention should not be limited to anything other than the inventive concept defined by the appended independent claims.
    Embodiments other than those shown above are equally possible within the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    A target unit for use with a switching unit in a proximity switch, comprising: a receiver for receiving a first pulsating signal from the switching unit, an inverter arranged for generating an inverted signal by inverting the first pulsating signal, and a transmitter for transmitting a second pulsating signal to the switching unit, the transmitter being driven by the inverted signal, whereby only one of the receiver and the transmitter receives and transmits a signal at a given time, respectively.
    [2]
    A target unit according to claim 1, wherein the first pulsating signal has a first carrier frequency and wherein the target unit further comprises a demodulator arranged to convert the first pulsating signal into a baseband signal, and wherein the inverter is arranged to generate the inverted signal by inverting the baseband signal. .
    [3]
    A target unit according to claim 1, wherein the inverter comprises a capacitor arranged for charging or discharging depending on a value of the first pulsating signal.
    [4]
    The target unit according to claim 1, wherein the first pulsating signal comprises a pulse with a predetermined pulse width, and the target unit further comprises a processor unit having a predetermined code, which processor unit is arranged to detect a pulse in the inverted signal corresponding to said pulse having a predetermined pulse width, and that, based on the predetermined code, generating and adding a coded signal to the inverted signal below the detected pulse.
    [5]
    Proximity switch comprising a switch unit and a target unit according to claim 1, wherein the switch unit is arranged for transmitting the first pulsating signal to the target unit and for receiving the second pulsating signal from the target unit.
    类似技术:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1100926A|SE536260C2|2011-12-16|2011-12-16|Wireless proximity switch with target unit containing inverter|SE1100926A| SE536260C2|2011-12-16|2011-12-16|Wireless proximity switch with target unit containing inverter|
    CA2857483A| CA2857483A1|2011-12-16|2012-12-12|Wireless proximity switch with a target device comprising an inverter|
    PCT/SE2012/000200| WO2013089609A1|2011-12-16|2012-12-12|Wireless proximity switch with a target device comprising an inverter|
    US14/362,463| US9882559B2|2011-12-16|2012-12-12|Wireless proximity sensor with a target device comprising an inverter|
    EP12858437.2A| EP2792074B1|2011-12-16|2012-12-12|Wireless proximity switch with a target device comprising an inverter|
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